Quota type: Legislated Candidate Quotas

Nation Data

Southern Africa (Republic of Southern Africa) possesses Bicameral parliament by using voluntary celebration quotas and legislated quotas in the level that is sub-national. 184 of 395 (47%) seats within the National Assembly take place by ladies.

At a look

Framework of Parliament: Bicameral

Is there legislated quotas.

• When it comes to Single/Lower Home? No
• When it comes to Upper Home? No
• When it comes to level that is sub-National? Yes

Are there any quotas that are voluntary.

• Used by governmental events? Yes

Will there be extra information.

Final updated: Feb 4, 2020

Single/Lower Home

Total seats	395
Total Women	184
percent Females	47%
Election Year	2019
Electoral System	List PR
Quota Type	No legislated
Election details	IDEA Voter Turnout – IPU Parline

Quota in the Sub-National Level

• Quota kind: Legislated Candidate Quotas

Appropriate source	Details
Quota kind: Legislated prospect Quotas	Constitution
Electoral legislation	when you look at the elections for regional councils, events must look for to ensure 50% associated with the applicants from the celebration list are females (municipality Act, Schedule 1, Section 11 3; Schedule 2, Sections 5 3 & 17 5).
Appropriate sanctions for non-compliance	No	None
ranking order/placement rules government that is local	In the elections for regional councils, events must seek to ensure men and women applicants are evenly distributed through the prospect list (municipality Act, Schedule 1, Section 11 3; Schedule 2, Sections 5 3 & 17 5).

Voluntary Political Party Quotas *

Party	certified title	Details, Quota conditions
African National Congress	ANC	In 2006 ANC adopted a 50% sex quota in regional elections. The quota had been extended to elections that are national well last year. The party statute checks out: ‘the supply of the quota of no less than 50 % of females in most elected structures’ (ANC Constitution, Article 6 1). Presently, ANC has won 264 seats within the nationwide construction, little not as much as two-thirds bulk.

* Only parties that are political in parliament are included. Each time a nation has legislated quotas set up, just governmental events which have voluntary quotas that exceed the percentage/number of this nationwide quota legislation are presented in this dining dining dining table.

Extra Information

The Municipal Structures Act 1998 needed that events “seek to ensure 50% associated with the prospects in the celebration list are females, and that men and women applicants are evenly distributed though (sic) the list. ” The weakness with this wording is so it encourages, but does not oblige parties to look at a zebra system for the proportional representation seats, and puts no obligation in it to field females prospects into the ward seats. The impact happens to be particularly believed in the ANC. ’ (SADC Gender Protocol 2011: 67) last year, ladies constituted 38 percent of all of the representatives during the neighborhood degree (SADC Gender Protocol 2011: 62).

The Africa National Congress (ANC) remains the only party which practices voluntary party quotas, having first put in place a 30 per cent quota ahead of the parliamentary elections in 1994 at the national level. In 2006, the ANC adopted a 50 sex quota in regional elections, and also this had been extended to elections that are national 2009. The celebration statute stipulates ‘the supply of a quota of for around 50per cent (fifty ) of females in most elected structures’ (ANC Constitution, Article 6 1). Presently, the ANC holds 264 seats when you look at the National Assembly, somewhat lower than a two-thirds majority. Whilst it won’t have explicit provisions for voluntary quotas, the celebration Congress of People (COPE), that has been created in 2008 by the previous ANC users, ensured that 50 percent of its elected users of Parliament had been ladies (Gender hyperlinks 2009).

• African National Congress (ANC) Constitution, as amended and used during the 54th National Conference, 2017, accessed 15 November 2019;
• Myakayaka-Manzini, Mavivi, ‘Political Party Quotas in Southern Africa’, in J. Ballington that is(ed) The utilization of Quotas: African Experiences, Quota Report Series # 3 (Stockholm: Overseas TIP, 2003), accessed 24 April 2018;
• EISA Southern Africa, ‘South Africa: Women’s Representation Quotas’, April 2009, accessed 24 April 2018;
• Gender hyper Links, SADC Gender Protocol 2011 Barometer, accessed 04 2014 april

Additional reading

• Hassim, Shireen. 2003. ‘Representation, Participation and Democratic Effectiveness: Feminist Challenges to Representative Democracy in Southern Africa’, in brightbrides.net/review/chemistry/ Anne Marie Goetz and Shireen Hassim (eds) No Shortcuts to energy: African feamales in Politics. London: Zed Books.
• Ballington, J. 2002. ‘Political events, Gender Equality and Elections in Southern Africa’, in Glenda Fick, Sheila Meintjes and Mary Simons (eds), One girl One Vote: The Gender Politics of South African Elections. EISA: Johannesburg.
• Molokomme 2000. ‘Building Inclusiveness in SADC’s Democratic techniques: the actual situation of Women’s Representation in Leadership Positions’, in Report of theSADC Elections Forum, June 2001, EISA.
• Yoon, M.Y. 2001. ‘Democratization and ladies’ Legislative Representation in Sub-Saharan Africa’, in Democratization 8, no. 2. P. 169-190.
• Kethusegile, B. Et al. 2000. Beyond Inequalities: Ladies In Southern Africa. Harare: SARDC.
• Khan, F. 2000. ‘Politics-South Africa: Number of females Candidates Increases’, Interpress Service, 1 december.
• Longwe, S. H. 2000. ‘Towards practical techniques for Women’s Political Empowerment in Africa’, in females and Leadership. Caroline Sweetman (ed.). Oxford: Oxfam. Pp. 24-30.
• Lowe-Morna, C. 2000. ‘Strategies for improving Women’s Participation in Politics’, paper presented towards the Fifth Meeting of Commonwealth Ministers accountable for ladies’ Affairs.
• Msimang, S. 2000. ‘Affirmative Action when you look at the brand brand New Southern Africa: The Politics of Representation, Law and Equity’, ladies in Action, # 1. P. 36.
• Ballington, J. 1999. The Participation of females in Southern Africa’s First Democratic Election: classes Through the Past and suggestions for the near future. Auckland Park: Electoral Institute of South Africa (occasional paper).
• Ballington, J. 1998. ‘Women’s Parliamentary Representation: the results of List PR’, Politikon, Vol. 25, No. 2, December.
• Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997. Democracy Nevertheless into the Making: a global world Comparative Learn. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
• Mutume, G. 1997. ‘South Africa-Human Rights: Quotas for Women Under Scrutiny’, Interpress provider, September 26.
• South Africa Parliament website, http: //www. Parliament.gov.za

Additional reading

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